Abstract
The OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) measures the achievements of 15-year-olds on a three-yearly cycle. In 2000, reading was the major domain of assessment and mathematics and science were minor domains. In 2003, mathematics was the major domain and reading, science and problem solving were minor domains. In 2006, science will be the major domain. The paper will review the mathematics results from PISA 2000, with the results of additional analyses of the relationship between social background and mathematics achievement across countries, including separate analyses by gender for Australia and some other countries. Results from PISA 2003 will be published on 7 December 2004. The paper will present details of the assessment framework used for testing mathematics achievement in PISA 2003.